Commonwealth of Liberty

British Malaya,June,1939

THE MALAYAN DOLLAR
The Board Of Commissioner Currency in Malaya which came into being in 1938 has decided to replace the previously used Strait Dollar which has been used since 1899 in exchange for the new Malayan Dollar.With the new change the value of the Malayan Dollar was higher then the value of the Strait Dollar with the one Malayan Dollar equaling to two shillings and four pence sterlings and 60 Malayan Dollars equals to 7 pounds.

GRANDE ESTADO NOVO

A UNIÃO-ESTADO PLURICONTINENTAL DAS NAÇÕES PORTUGUESAS

GLÓRIA A DEUS, GLÓRIA A SALAZAR, GLÓRIA A VARGAS

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FIRST CITIZEN AND GRAND MARSHAL OF THE GREATER ESTADO NOVO ANTONIO OSCAR CARMONA BEGINS ARMED FORCES RECONSTRUCTION AND BUREAUCRATIC ENHANCEMENT
PRIMEIRO CIDADÃO E GRANDE MARECHAL DO GRANDE ESTADO NOVO ANTONIO OSCAR CARMONA COMEÇA A RECONSTRUÇÃO DAS FORÇAS ARMADAS E REFORÇO BUROCRÁTICO

_{1ST GREATER ESTADO NOVO ADMINISTRATION | LISBON & RIO DE JANEIRO, JUNE-JULY 1939}

_{| With the exponential increase of militarism on Continental Europe by both Germany and Italia, President of the Pluricontinental Union-State of the Lusotropics Antonio de Oliveira Salazar along with his Vice-President Getulio Vargas signed off on Article 8 Section 10 of the Greater Estado Novo Constitution that invokes all matters of national security to be governed by the Grand Marshal for the duration of the existence of the external threat. With the required signatures of the President and Vice-President and approval from the Supreme National Assembly, the Portuguese Union-State transitioned temporarily to an autocratic government with national security threat evaluations to commence once every 6 months to determine feasibility to grant duration extensions for the "Reinar por um" (Reign by One) clause. Upon the implementation of this particular clause, Grand Marshal Carmona would immediately commence his obligations.}

_{The first agenda was the establishment of a unified General Staff of the Armed Forces (Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas) to comprise of six departments, four of which took regional focus on potential theaters of war and potential enemies but also allies and partnerships:}

Eastern: France (potential ally), Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy
Western: UK, US, Catholic League
Southern: Africa (Portuguese possessions in particular, Italian East Africa)
Far East: Japan, China, India, Portuguese territory

_{Another department was responsible for the studying and application of military history, while another housed and trained staff officers to be rotated between the General Staff of the Armed Forces and the Staffs of Corps and Divisions (Funcionários de Corpos e Divisões). In this new construction for the military, even when these officers are serving with the corps and divisions, they remain part of the greater general-staff system. Additionally, the Grand Marshal commanded that staffs at the corps and division levels comprise four different sections:}

Tactics and Strategy
Administration
Logistics
Fire Support

_{The General Staff Officer (GSO) candidates are to be chosen from the regular Army, Navy, and newly formed Air Force's officer corps to take rigorous examinations. Once passed, the officers are then sent to the military and civilian (primarily for logistics and sustainment, economics and finance, STEM and management-related subjects/degree programs) academic institutions. Upon completion of the degree programs, the officers would become full general-staff officers and assigned and administered by the General Staff. It is intended for these new officers to not only serve as advisors to unit leaders but also to operate as links between units and the planners of the General Staff. This new structure places priority upon the reformation of a Lieutenant Colonel (tenente-coronel) position to work on the operational side of a division or larger to run the unit's staff and communicate directly with the headquarters of the General-Staff while serving as the primary advisor to the unit commander.}

_{Grand Marshal Carmona indicated that the new role of the Lieutenant Colonel performs two functions:}

1. Operate as the Subject-Matter Expert (Especialista no assunto) and the mentor-teacher on operational art to the commander and other staff officers not selected and trained to become part of the General Staff.

2. To link the General Staff with operational units to ensure both the General Staff and operational units do not lack updated information on movements and tactics.

_{Grand Marshal Carmona sought to eliminate the occupation of operational art and military intelligence from the elites of the military hierarchy and to dissipate it throughout the military system in the form of a "nervous system". Carmona has indicated the 10 distinguishing traits of the new system are as follows:}

Selection
Examination
Specialized Training
Emphasis on Historical Study
Inculcation of the Initiative
Responsibility
Goal of Technical-Tactical Proficiency 
Objectivity in Analysis
Regeneration
Leavening Process

_{The Office of the Grand Marshal has explained this restructuring of the bureaucracy of the military is a direct response to the increasing size of military forces; the subsequent increase in difficulty when it came to sustaining, moving, and commanding those armies; and the increasing complexity of weapons systems. Furthermore, syndicates established such as the Sindicato para Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Gestão da Inovação (Syndicate for Research, Development, and Innovation Management), the Syndicate for Munitions and Small Arms (Sindicato de Munições e Armas Pequenas) in addition to the Syndicate for Military Preparation, Logistics, and Operations (Sindicato para Preparação Militar, Logística e Operações), and the Sindicato de Física, Aerodinâmica, Propulsão e Navegação will have liaison attachments to the new bureaucracy to cooperate with the military apparatus regarding developing dual use technology, expanding research and development capabilities, joint training toward producing subject matter experts (SMEs) across various industrial fields, and to expand the "nerve system" so information and intelligence is constantly operating, flowing, and being updated on the civilian, public, private, and military sides of these new affairs.}

_{The Office of the Grand Marshal explained that the new system is intended to evolve and change over time through the interaction of the various components with each other and the external environment. Furthermore, the interaction of the General Staff, the academies, the operational staffs, and the individual staff officers will allow the Greater Estado Novo to identify, test, integrate, and disseminate new concepts and methods faster from the bottom up instead of a top down approach. Some of the new concepts to be included are railroad deployments, artillery-fire coordination, infiltration tactics, maritime and aerial maneuvering, modernization of blockade and financial sabotage, and the integration of tanks and aircraft with maneuver forces. This new declaration comes as the combined forces of the Greater Estado Novo begin to swell toward 750,000 for active forces and new civilian military training initiatives (combat and non-combat) are implemented as requirements for all men between the ages 18-29.} |

______

UNION-STATE OF PORTUGUESE NATIONS!

GLORY TO GOD!

THE BASTION OF CATHOLICISM!

_{EMBRACE GOD AND
THE ESTADO NOVO}

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The Kingdom of Italy, Italy Leaves the Mare Nostrum Cordiale! - Italy Signs the Pact of Steel with German Staat, May - June, 1939
Regno d'Italia, l'Italia esce dal Mare Nostrum Cordiale! - L'Italia firma il Patto d'Acciaio con lo Stato tedesco!, Maggio - Giugno 1939

Adriatican Islands - Politica Estera, Ministero degli Affari Esteri!

ITALY WITHDRAWS FROM THE MARE NOSTRUM CORDIALE - ITALY SIGNS THE PACT OF STEEL WITH GERMANY - RATIFIES FOREIGN POLICY TO THE WEST
L'ITALIA SI RITIRA DAL MARE NOSTRUM CORDIALE - L'ITALIA FIRMA IL PATTO D'ACCIAIO CON LA GERMANIA - RATIFICA LA POLITICA ESTERA AD OVEST

| Following the Kingdom of Italy’s Invasion of Albania in April 1939, and the German Staat’s Occupation of Slovakia, both countries, similar in ideology, form of government, and enemies, have been growing closer and closer with each other last year. It started off with the German Chancellor, Adolph Heidler’s, visit to Rome, and had continue to progress with frequent diplomatic meetings with the two nations. Upon realizing this, the Duce had decided that Italy is stronger with nations who share the same ideology as Italia. With this, Benito Mussolini had ordered for some specific documents, the official documents of Italy’s departure from the failed Mare Nostrum Cordiale, which was signed in 1935. |

| By now, Italy was no longer recognized as a member of the Mare Nostrum Cordiale, and now had started to finally sign a pact as strong as steel with Germany. On the 22nd of May, 1939, Duce Benito Mussolini and Chancellor Adolph Heidler had met in the Germany capital of Berlin, and along with foreign ministers, signed the Pact of Steel, a military alliance which states that one will support the other should conflict break out. The signing of the pact sent shockwaves all across Europe, a new deadly alliance signed between by the two fascists. The pact also meant something else, the end of all good relations between the Pact and the Western Allies, in fact one of the reasons why the pact was signed in the first place was to deter pressure coming in from the West. |
𝘾𝙊𝙈𝙈𝙊𝙉𝙒𝙀𝘼𝙇𝙏𝙃 𝙊𝙁 𝙇𝙄𝘽𝙀𝙍𝙏𝙔
_{Detailed, Creative, Storytelling}

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^{Commonwealth of Australia / Gemenebest van Australië}

FORGETTING SECESSION: DANNENBERG’S AMBITIOUS (ALLESTAAT) STATEWIDE REFORM PLAN
_{Lustenn, Staat van Nieuw Holland | July 1935-39 一 “Modernisering”}



<sub>Several years on, it appears Nieuw Holland state Premier Peter W. Dannenberg’s secession campaign has failed. Growing from Nieuw Hollanders’ resentment of the state's ultimate status as a Cinderella State (Assepoester Staat) that contributes more to the federal government than it ever receives, and inflamed by further Anglicisation policies passed by the federal parliament, the movement was supported statewide by newspapers, politicians, proletariats and elites alike, only facing significant opposition from the monolingual Anglo population. In 1933, under Premier Dannenberg’s lead, a referendum was held across the state with an astounding seventy-three percent of voters supporting dominion status separate from the Commonwealth of Australia. Nonetheless, Prime Minister Lyon's irritated government referred the issue to the UK House of Commons, and in early 1935, the referendum was ruled invalid. With his largest proposal sunk, Premier Dannenberg would now have to settle for a less jarring, but still ambitious series of reforms held within the context of continued statehood.


“Modernisering, it’s a simple thing 一 Eenvoudig.”

Fueled by the same resentment held by Nieuw Hollanders against the federal government, the popularity of Dannenberg's new reforms depended on several factors, one of the largest being the desire for the empowerment of local government. A long administrative tradition of Nieuw Holland society, if there existed one, was cooperation on a local scale. Although administration of Nieuw Holland during the Dutch Era was officially centralized post-VOC nationialisation, it remained in practice, devolved, with settler policies largely decided by provinciaal and sub-provinciaal officials. Under British colonial policy, and later Federation, this system was for the most part abolished. Combined with many perceived shortcomings of the British imposed system of governance for Nieuw Holland, many of which infringed on local development, Nieuw Holland's state administrative policies had come to be perceived as outdated. Drawing on this perception, Premier Dannenberg announced his first series of reforms in mid 1935:</sub>

_{》PREMIER PETER W. DANNENBERG, Staat van Nieuw Holland 一 “It has become abundantly clear, especially as a consequence of the distant yet influential ruling of the House of Commons in Britain, that our state's system of governance is too outdated and too inadequate to proceed in the direction of progress for Niuew Hollanders and our state's many interests. What is now necessary is a substantial series of reforms and modernizations to our structure of state as to ensure our administrative and monetary rights, as a state and individuals, notably those stipulated and promised to us in the Leeuwin Document and Papers of 1904, be fairly met. I will not dilute this, we must have Modernisering. Modernisering, it’s a simple thing 一 Eenvoudig.”}

_{The series of reforms, known as “Modernisering”, would have numerous focuses, including Lokalisatie (Local Government Reform), Verkiez-Shervorm (Electoral Reform), and Codificatie (Codification of Nieuw Holland's monetary rights and political rights within federation):}



<sub>L O K A L I S A T I E 一 Local Government Reform

First Tier Local Gouvernment 一 The Provincies: Located in the region known as the Zuidelijke Provincies (Southern Provinces), consisting of most of the far southern and southwestern portions of the staat, the region had previously been governed in the Dutch Era as seven separate colonial provinces, each with individual colonial governments. While the provinces were abolished under British colonial administration, staathood resulted in certain administrative functions adopting some of the former provinciaal borders. Still, the individual provincies did not achieve significant control over local government, which continued in a rather non-existent fashion, lacking authority and centralised under the staat. Under the Lokalisatie portion of Modernisering, seven first tier local gouvernment divisions 一 provincies (listed by population; Lustennlandt, Kaap Leeuwin, D'Entrecasteaux Provincie, Kojaneeruplandt, Esperance Provincie, Nieuwkerklandt, and Nuytslandt), would be officially established and empowered with numerous expansions to their devolved legal administrative abilities. Firstly, each provincie would be accompanied with the formation of an elected assembly, with the responsibilities of land management (local zoning laws, development), transportation, local infrastructure and utility administration, local social affairs, small-scale management of employment and welfare, and education. Though possessing a significant range of powers, first tier local gouvernment under Modernisering would still be bound only to the powers explicitly granted by the staat at large. The assembly would be chaired by an executive, elected or unelected, responsible for directing the staat's and assembly's matters. Secondly under Modernisering, provinciaal borders would become the new basis for representative divisions of the Senaat 一 the upper house of the Nieuw Holland parliament. Each provincie would be entitled to four leden van de Senaat (members of the Senate), regardless of population. Lastly, each provincie would reserve the right to unilaterally further devolve administrative responsibilities to second tier local gouvernments, such as cities, towns, villages, and other settlements.</sub>

_{First Tier Local Gouvernment 一 The Departments: Located in the region known as Boven Nieuw Holland, including most of the exterior northern and western coasts of the staat, the region that would consist of what would now be known as the “Departments” had not previously been governed in the Dutch Era as separate colonial provinces, but instead as regencies under one administration. Like the provinces, British colonial administration and staathood resulted in certain administrative functions adopting several of the departmental borders, however the departments did not achieve control over local government, and were similarly centralised under the staat. Under the Lokalisatie portion of Modernisering, five departments (listed by population; Verrewesten, Dampierlandt, Pilbara, Killiligebied, and Kasterten), larger in physical size than the provincies would be officially established and empowered with first tier local gouvernment. Firstly, like the provincies, each department would be accompanied with the formation of an elected assembly, however these assemblies would be more limited in administrative responsibilities than the provinciaal assemblies, and likewise bound only to the powers explicitly granted by the staat at large. Each assembly would be chaired by an executive, elected or unelected, responsible for directing the staat's and assembly's matters. Departmental borders would also become a new basis for representative divisions of the Senaat 一 the upper house of the Nieuw Holland parliament. Each department, equal to the provincies, would be entitled to four leden van de Senaat (members of the Senate), regardless of population. Differing from the more devolved nature of provincies, each department would only reserve the right to further devolve administrative responsibilities to second tier local gouvernments if agreed to by the staat parliament.}

_{First Tier Gouvernment Administration 一 The Landts: Almost contrary to the principles of empowering local gouvernment, the last administrative division established under the Lokalisatie portion of Modernisering would be directly administered by the Staat Parliament. Consisting of most of the interior and unpopulated regions of the staat, the region would be consolidated into a single entity referred to as Outerlandt. Several provisions under Modernisering legislation would however provide the regional division a path towards a different administrative relationship with the staat, or alternatively, the opportunity to separate further into multiple “Landts”. Unlike both provincies and departments, the singular land, Outerlandt, would not be granted representation in the staat parliament, but instead granted a regional director responsible to the parliament. Most administrative functions would be additionally provided by the staat parliament, most notably the regulation of the mining industry, and the region would be subject to specially-levelled taxes.}



<sub>V E R K I E Z - S H E R V O R M 一 Electoral Reform

A key component of Premier Dannenberg's Modernisering rhetoric is the necessity for electoral reform within the realm of the state. Under the Verkiez-Shervorm portion of the Modernisering reforms, several alterations would be made to the state electoral process. Firstly, the minimum voting age is to be reduced to twenty-one years. The reduction would be a three-year change from the previous age of twenty-four years, set under the order of British-appointed Governor Albert Johnson in 1913. During that time, the imposition of a minimum voting age of twenty-four years of age was seen largely as a political punishment for actions undertaken by the state government led by [Nieuw Holland Party leader] Peter Kerkman aimed at reducing the role of the crown in state affairs. The reduction to twenty-one years under Modernisering would be an immensely popular measure, with most Nieuw Hollanders viewing it most simply as 'righting a prior wrong', and in fairness, equalizing Nieuw Holland's laws with the rest of the states (all of which had voting age requirements of twenty-one years for several decades). A second alteration to the electoral process, established in conjunction with the Lokalisatie reforms, would be the revision of the electoral districts for the Senaat 一 the upper house of the Nieuw Holland state parliament. The new electoral districts, aimed at levelling power between regions of the state, would be drawn to conform with the newly established Provincies and Departments, regardless of population. This measure would be especially popular among those in the lesser-populated northern regions of Nieuw Holland, which themselves had felt left behind in the state's affairs. Lastly, a state-sponsored commission, titled the 'Commission for Representation in Government,' would be established, with several responsibilities. Among them would be election oversight, and the important role of evaluating the political rights of Nieuw Hollanders in relation to state and federal government on a bi-annual basis and presenting its evaluation as a report to the Premier's office and the Commonwealth government.</sub>



<sub>C O D I F I C A T I E 一 Codification of State Rights

The last series of reforms under Moderisering, titled Codificatie would perhaps be the most likely to face opposition from the Commonwealth and British governments. The foremost purpose of these reforms would be to establish a legal standing of the Leeuwin Paper and other precedents set in Nieuw Holland’s acceptance of federation in Australian law. While the documents and precedents of Nieuw Holland’s federation had generally been respected by the Commonwealth government, an official codification of these rights would signal an equal status of Nieuw Holland within the Commonwealth of Australia. This would entitle a High-court endorsement of the codification of the rights and precedents stipulated in the Leeuwin Paper, including the relative semi-independence of Nieuw Holland's fiscal policies. Such an endorsement, in the aftermath of the Wit’s Landt Central Territory Dispute, would seem unlikely, however for Premier Dannenberg, a lack of an endorsement would be just as much of a success as an endorsement itself. Should the High Court strike down a sought-after endorsement, it would be viewed most plainly as a violation of Nieuw Holland’s political rights and would only strengthen state support of the Premier’s government.</sub>



<sub>Aftermath

To Australia, the Nieuw Hollanders progress . . .</sub>


<sup>. . . . .

Results of Modernisering Legislation Votes
Huis van Afgevaardigden Nieuw Holland
1935-1938</sup>

^{By every package voted upon:
| I 一 78% in favor
| II 一 86% in favor
| III 一 79% in favor
| IV 一 74% in favor}

^{. . . . .}


_{In the aftermath of the passage of Premier Dannenberg's Modernisering legislation, the reforms appeared to be a political success for the state government and the people of Nieuw Holland. While expected to alienate the Anglo population of Nieuw Holland, Modernisering received mixed reactions, only appearing as an offense to certain federal politicians. The High Court ruled in favor of most codified precedents (1938-1939), and willingly referred negotiation of the legality of the Leeuwin Paper to the two parties of the Commonwealth government and the Nieuw Holland state government. The government of Prime Minister Joseph Lyons successfully argued against certain provisions of the Leeuwin Paper facing codification, believing such rules would guarantee Nieuw Holland a privileged position in Federation, though conceded notable rights to the state. Achieving more than had been expected in negotiations and the High Court, Premier Dannenberg’s government eagerly accepted Nieuw Holland’s newly codified status within Federation. This success however discredited multiple theories of the Nieuw Hollanders Party, most notably that the core of Commonwealth government was fundamentally anti-Nieuw Hollander. Furthermore, the willingness of the Commonwealth government to negotiate with Nieuw Holland political leaders and acceptance of the Australian public towards these negotiations signaled a thawing in tensions between the Dutch and Anglo populations, and more conclusively a confirmation of Australia's united nationhood within the British Empire. Indeed, over the spring of 1939, with an optimistic future in the air, Nieuw Hollanders would be seen publicly declaring themselves as Australians in country and identity.}





𝘾𝙊𝙈𝙈𝙊𝙉𝙒𝙀𝘼𝙇𝙏𝙃 𝙊𝙁 𝙇𝙄𝘽𝙀𝙍𝙏𝙔
_{Detailed, Creative, Storytelling}

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Hi all - I've decided I'm gonna give up Poland for someone else to RP

It hasn't given me back that spark and motivation I'd hoped it would, plus I'm gonna be working more hours soon, so I'll have even less time to RP

So, yeah - hope someone picks Poland up and can do it justice!

GRANDE ESTADO NOVO

A UNIÃO-ESTADO PLURICONTINENTAL DAS NAÇÕES PORTUGUESAS

GLÓRIA A DEUS, GLÓRIA A SALAZAR, GLÓRIA A VARGAS

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DEFENSE SYNDICATES BEGIN R&D FOR DOMESTIC HOWITZER DESIGNS & MOTORED ANTI-TANK GUN
_{1ST GREATER ESTADO NOVO ADMINISTRATION | LISBON & RIO DE JANEIRO, JULY-AUGUST 1939}

_{| Since the formation of the General Staff of the Armed Forces two months ago, Grand Marshal Carmona has overseen the establishment of 30 new syndicates to encompass military history and development, technological advancements and development, logistics and sustainment infrastructure, geopolitics and geoeconomic evaluations and implications, military doctrine coordination and white paper indoctrination, science and technology research and development, engineering and technology investment, budgetary appropriations, military operations and structuring, and the list continues. Through the various syndicates, the General Staff of the Armed Forces approved the proposal of a new series of howitzers called the Barachiel, referring to the Archangel for Lightning and Blessings. Not seeking just one howitzer, it was stipulated to have multiple variants, including variations in artillery shells. Thus it came to the approval of 10 varations of the Barachiel to be R&D across the Greater Estado Novo:}

Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 152 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 155 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 105 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 75 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 200 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 220 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 70 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 160 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 40 mm
Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 180 mm

_{The Barachiel howitzers would be given options of shells to include conventional shells, high explosive, anti-concrete, and chemical.}

_{Other than the Barachiel Arma de campo (AC), the military approved a project for a motorized anti-tank gun utilizing an armored personnel carrier with a Barachiel Arma de campo (AC) 155 mm 73mm self-propelled gun attached to the vehicle. Wanting to ensure flexibility and maneuverability, the Grand Marshal has requested that variants of the APC also be considered over the years in addition to new variants of the self-propelled gun that is part of the vehicle. In this massive expansion of the marriage of military and civil technology in addition to attachments and partnerships with the civilian, academia, and STEM industries, the General Staff hopes to construct a modern military force over the next 5 years.}

_{Furthermore, the Department of the Navy informed the General Staff of substantial progress toward the naval projects began last year as blueprint designs have been completed for the frigates and destroyers. With the completion of designs and acquiring of funds and resources, the Navy has prompted to enter phase 2, which looks to construct the prototypes for testing, including weapons, defenses, and new technological developments in engines and steel. Furthermore, Vice-Admiral Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonça Dias GCC, TO, ComA, GOA, GCA, MPBS, MOBS, GOI, GOIH, ECMM would be appointed to become Commander of the Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais do Grande Estado Novo (Greater Estado Novo Marine Corps) in addition to Chief Commissioner of the Frota Marítima do Grande Estado Novo (Maritime Fleet of the Greater Estado Novo), which has prompted further naval designs for frigate and destroyer escort ships for Portuguese maritime interests and cargo ships. Inaugural Chief of the General Staff of the Greater Estado Novo Armed Forces (Chefe do Estado-Maior General das Forças Armadas do Grande Estado Novo) Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE has prompted Vice-Admiral Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonça Dias to place an elevated priority on establishing the maritime fleet and escort ships around Portugal proper, East Timor, Macau, and Mozambique as continual shipbuilding efforts in Brazil, Angola, and Guinea-Bissau have increased their capabilities and capacity.} |

______

UNION-STATE OF PORTUGUESE NATIONS!

GLORY TO GOD!

THE BASTION OF CATHOLICISM!

_{EMBRACE GOD AND
THE ESTADO NOVO}

Adriatican Islands
Alaroth
Alzarikstan
Annyeong Korea
Arcanda
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Bayside
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Jersey Republic
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Teymour
The Confederate Prussian Empire
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Peking Zhongguo
Victoria Harbor
Zabrowka

Um hello?

Finlandee wrote:

June 12, 1937

_{Finland accelerates militarization and further improving the Defense Line after the Soviet Invasion of Turkey.}

_{For years, after gaining independence, Finland has been carefully shaping itself into a living fortress with increase militarization due to being next to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). With the Invasion of Turkey by the Soviet in attempt to overthrow the Turkish Government, HM King Väinö I and the recently new centre-left government decided to accelerate the already militarization of the nation and the Finnish parliament hastily approved emergency funding for an immense overhaul and extension of the line. This defense line is the "Mannerheim Line" which was stretch through Karelia, built of a combination of volunteer and paid labor and comprising flexible, natural defenses. It had been under construction since the early 1920s: over a hundred small bunkers had already been strategically placed and camouflaged along the Soviet border. Now with the threat of Soviet aggression becoming more real than ever, with the weather conditions being favorable and with Parliament approval for defense spending, the defense of the Mannerheim Line will be improve by having old bunkers to be expanded, renovated, and fortified; the command post system among the line was to be reformed; huge lines of dragon's teeth were to be embedded in the earth; communities would form task forces to create simple, natural barriers like fallen trees and stones using an official guidebook issued by Finland's Defense Council; Finnish hunting clubs were to train in human-centric marksmanship; decoy trees were to be readied for hanging over strategic roads through the forest to obscure sighting by enemy watchtowers and planes; and trenches and barbed wire were to form more chronic problems for Soviet tanks. General Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, the hero of the Finnish Civil War, will be in charge of this project.}

_{Finland has been increasing its diplomatic ties with other nations in Europe, gaining allies, increasing friendships with other nations and even begin making arms deals with different nations to improve its military. Despite the immense strengthening from Finns and their international allies, the old line was to have one firm commonality with the expanding one: flexible defense was the absolute priority. Larger, static bunkers, such as those found on the Maginot Line, were susceptible to sappers, difficult to camouflage and harder to fund—they also provided obvious strategic targets. The Mannerheim Line, in contrast, was to remain always covert, always in small but overwhelming increments, and absolutely impregnable by organized attacks by vehicles. Finnish volunteers would eventually turn out in the tens of thousands alongside their foreign allies to help put these fortifications in place, with the Illegal Communist Party members prohibited from participation to prevent any leak in intelligence. Mannerheim himself would visit the construction areas, laying barbed wire and digging trenches, placing dragon's teeth, speaking with volunteers, rallying the locals and checking on supply chains. In addition to widespread anti-air and anti-sea artillery, a new "Salpa Line"—his next great project, which would span from Karelia to Petsamo—was rumored in abundance, much to the reassurance of the Finnish populace. The specialized taxes levied on businesses and citizens to fund the line in addition to the plentiful donations from Finland and abroad were to draw almost no complaints: Finland had fully determined that it would not be the next country to fall to foreign aggression.}

June 12, 1939

_{Two years later: The Mannerheim Line fully complete, Salpa Line still in constructions, and an arms deals with Italy.}

_{Two years ago, in response to the Soviet invasion of Turkey, Finland decided to increase the militarization of the country, increase the defense of the Mannerheim Line, build the Salpa Line, and increase relations with nations of Europe. Now, after two years, the Mannerheim Line is fully completed and ready to withstand any enemy onslaught, however, the Salpa Line, while the building of the defensive line has been recently completed, is not as near full defenses as the Mannerheim Line and much work is still needed to be done on the Salpa Line. Finland finally made an arms deal with Italy thanks to the help of HM King Väinö I eldest son, Prince Phillip (who is married to Prince Mafalda of Savoy, daughter of the current King of Italy). Finland will be purchasing 30,000 M1891 Carcano Rifles, 60 Breda B.25 planes, and tons of gunpowder and Italy will be shipping them out to Finland immediately, hoping to arrive by the fall of this year. Once received, the Finnish military will be trained to use these new weapons to defend the nation.}

GRANDE ESTADO NOVO

A UNIÃO-ESTADO PLURICONTINENTAL DAS NAÇÕES PORTUGUESAS

GLÓRIA A DEUS, GLÓRIA A SALAZAR, GLÓRIA A VARGAS

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DEPARTMENT OF MINING AND LOGISTICS IN THE OFFICE OF AFRICAN AFFAIRS OF THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS INFORMS ABOUT STRATEGIC MINERALS IN MOZAMBIQUE; COUNCIL ON ENERGY BEGINS PLANS TO SURVEY OIL OFF ANGOLA COASTLINE
_{1ST GREATER ESTADO NOVO ADMINISTRATION | LISBON & RIO DE JANEIRO, JULY-AUGUST 1939}

_{| The Department of Mining and Logistics within the Office of African Affairs of the Council on Foreign Affairs sent a memo to the Councilman of Foreign Affairs with copies sent to President Salazar, Vice-President Vargas, and Grand Marshal Carmona highlighting strategic mineral deposits in the Monte Muambe region and toward the coastline. Having possessing significant reserves of aluminum, coal, and niobium, the Estado Novo's Council on the Economy have highlighted Mozambique's mining potential as crucial to the longevity of the economic recovery of the Greater Estado Novo. As a growing middle class and intelligentsia within Mozambique continues to take shape, it was found appropriate to begin the formation of subsidiary companies to major Portuguese and Brazilian companies, including state-owned and operated enterprises, to provide additional stimulus of employment and industrialization in Mozambique. Additionally, the formation of the subsidiary companies is intended to solidify a permanent economic presence of the Greater Estado Novo and to become further engrained in the process of forming a permanent Afro-Portuguese identity that is intended to mold the socioeconomics of Cape Verde, Angola, and Mozambique. The formation of the African National Union Bloc as an attachment to the National Union Party in Portugal and Brazil prompts further political control over the development of institutions intended to stomp out reactionary or anti-Estado Novo forces that could otherwise jeopardize the new economic order.}

_{With the new discovery of strategic resources in Mozambique, mining operations have been ordered to be expanded and additional training to be given to locals to incorporate them into the workforce. Additionally, investments have been allocated toward spurring economic activity in Mozambican mining as the Estado Novo's transcontinental rail that connects the Congo, Angola, Rhodesia, South Africa, and Mozambique via an apparatus of rail networks continue to be constructed. Desiring the connected coastlines between Angola and Mozambique, expanded mining operations in Mozambique has been deemed essential, especially for the production of niobium steel and additional resources to spur heavy industries and manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, public works infrastructure, transportation infrastructure, and even residential infrastructure. Seeing the major potential of untapped reserves in Mozambique, the Office of African Affairs received approval directly from the Commission of Governor-Generals to expand geological survey and the number of geological surveyors in Mozambique, especially for rumors of potential huge coalfields in the Northwestern Tete Province.}

_{Outside of mineral resource potential in Mozambique, the Council on Energy of the Greater Estado Novo has authorized a survey endeavor of offshore resources for Guinea-Bissau, Timor-Leste, and Mozambique with the hope of discovering lucrative resources. Dabbling into the unknown, the CEGEN has prompted for private sector entities to spearhead these initiatives with the support of the government, industry experts and SMEs, geologists, and marine biologists. The hope is the discovery of oil that could be connected to the overall Estado Novo energy apparatus that could diminish the Estado Novo's dependency on external nations for energy. The same strategy would be followed: The enlargement of Portuguese and Brazilian energy enterprises with the establishment of subsidiary companies to expand operations, hire and train local natives, and bolster the manifestation of a new Afro-Portuguese identity to dominate the new socioeconomic order with Portuguese African territories. As phosphates from Guinea-Bissau begin to find their way into the overall Estado Novo industrial apparatus, industrial application of phosphates to expand the industrial and agricultural footprint of the Estado Novo in the world is expected to increase over the coming months.}

_{As industries begin to connect as infrastructure is laid across the Greater Estado Novo, the Southern Atlantic Ocean has become speculated across the government bureaucracy to become the maritime "backyard" and "little pond" of the Greater Estado Novo. As new ports, harbors, train rails, and airports are approved to begin blueprinting and construction on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, the Estado Novo looks to become the strategic regional authority of the Southern Atlantic and Southern Indian Ocean zones. Regarding Timor Leste, deposits of gold and manganese have been deemed a priority to become linked into the Pluricontinental industrial base being formed, a new port intended to expand exports have been approved to begin construction in Suai and Laga. Additionally, the Department of the Navy in addition to coordinating with new shipbuilding and shipping companies in Brazil, Portugal, and Mozambique have prompted the proposal to construct preliminary cargo ships to be sent to Timor-Leste in addition to a capable maritime marine fleet to protect Timor-Leste.} |

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UNION-STATE OF PORTUGUESE NATIONS!

GLORY TO GOD!

THE BASTION OF CATHOLICISM!

_{EMBRACE GOD AND
THE ESTADO NOVO}

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РАБОЧИЙ ВЕСТНИК ЧЕХОСЛОВАКИИ
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Вчера! В 19.37 по Брл.в. наш доблестный народ прогнал фашистких окупантов и рас и навсегда покончил с этой тиранией!
А сегодня в нашей стране был избран новый лидер Клемент Готвальд. Он обещает сближение в отношениях с СССР и стремлению к идеалам Социализма!
И помни Товарищ от тебе зависит будуйщие нашей страны. Голосуйте за Клемента Готвальда!