Bamana is a federal republic based on political decentralization and devolution of central power to the local and regional units. Bamana has four levels of administrative units- The Central government (national and the Sienlieng Municipal Council), Provincial level units (Regular, autonomous and semi-autonomous provinces), District or county-level units (Regular, autonomous and semi-autonomous districts) and local units (Communal councils). All of these units are directly elected bodies. The national bicameral legislature is the "Supreme Assembly of People's Deputies (SAPD)", which is directly elected and is responsible for creating law and legislation, making constitutional amendments (possible with the approval of two-thirds of the members), supervising administrative acts and appointing judges to the Supreme Court for a four-year term. It elects an Executive Committee, which takes all of SAPD's duties when it is not in session. The Committee elects a Presidium and a Chairman. The Presidium's function is similar to that of the Council of Ministries in various other countries. The chairman acts as an international diplomat as well as supervisor to all political processes. The SAPD is composed of two chambers, The Assembly of Nationalities (AoN) and the Assembly of the Republic (AoR). The members of the AoR are directly elected by the people, with one representative (of the SAPD as whole) per 500,000 residents. The members of the AoN are elected by the provincial assemblies of all provinces, with each province sending 120 representatives. Autonomous provinces send 35 additional members, while semi-autonomous provinces send 25 additional members. Currently, with 4 regular provinces and 1 autonomous+1 semi-autonomous, The AoN has 780 members, while the AoR has 898 members.
Regular, autonomous and semi-autonomous Provincial Assemblies work in a similar way. They elect their executive committees who elect a presidium and a chairman, apart from appointing judges to provincial courts. However, passing their own law is prohibited for regular provincial assemblies. Autonomous and semi-autonomous provinces can pass their own law within the limits of rules of the central law, albeit with more limits on semi-autonomous provinces. Local and district councils can only pass legislation, elect an executive committee and appoint judges to the courts of the corresponding level. Autonomous districts can pass their own law. Autonomous units are given the right to secede from the republic, thus they enjoy high levels of autonomy. All these bodies are elected directly by the residents of Bamana.
The article covers election processes for all levels, which differ in district and communal levels than the provincial levels and the national level. The main difference between them is that elections for district and communal levels are multi-candidate, while provincial and national elections are single-candidate, but candidates in all elections are democratically nominated by voters and mass organizations in nomination meetings.

Bamanese elections are held on the idea of universal, direct and equal suffrage. Anyone who has reached the age of 16 has the right to vote in all Bamanese elections or referendums, regardless of their nationality, ethnicity, religion, caste, race, birthplace, beliefs, social status, privilege etc. unless they've been declared a criminal by law or have been certified as insane. The minimum age to contest an election as a candidate is 20 years.
Candidates have to win a majority (50%+) of all valid votes in the constituency in order to win an election. For all elections, if the candidates fail to obtain the threshold, a new election is held with a new candidate within 90 days. As of the electoral law, it is mandatory to include the "Against" option in ballots. All candidates have to be nominated by voters or mass organisations in all elections, as self-nomination without the consent of the voters or mass organisations is prohibited by law.
The constituencies for all elections are single-member. For the elections to the AoR, one constituency is created for every 890,000 voters. Similarly, one constituency is created for every 300,000 voters in provincial elections, every 50,000 voters in district elections and every 8,000 voters in communal elections. The Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) is responsible for delimitation of constituencies as well as creation of new ones, based on yearly census data.

The elections are overseen, supervised and conducted by the National Electoral Commission (CEN). It is a permanent body controlled by the state. the CEN has a federalized hierarchial structure composed of a presidium, central committee at the top to the area committees at the bottom. Election officers to poll workers- all are members of the CEN. Usually before an election season (composed of two years between which elections to all public offices take place), the Central Electoral Guidance Committee (CCGE) is formed. The CCGE, with the approval of corresponding legislative bodies, announces election dates at the end of their legislative term. They also have the responsibility to publish voter rolls, which have to be published 3 months before an election. Registration is open to all eligible voters. Voters receive a voter card after their registration, which is needed in order to be allowed to vote. The CCGE also registers candidates. One of the important works of the CCGE is to promote Valpropaganda (Derived from German "Wahlpropaganda", which means Election propaganda). It also conducts and supervises the voting procedures on the voting days.

According to the constitution, the right to nominate candidates for all elections in the country is secured to the popular front and mass organisations, trade unions and voters. Mass organisations and trade unions which are officially registered to the CEN usually decide on their own candidate through meetings. These candidates are then nominated for a second nomination period, which is conducted by the CEN. A minimum of 100 voters are mandated to attend them. All candidates are thoroughly discussed and vetted before the final vote. In the final vote, the nominee with the largest number of votes (from data collected from all meetings in a constituency) is nominated as the final candidate. Thus, the candidate nomination system involves direct participation from the people themselves. Nominated candidates are interviewed by the CEN and finally their registration process is completed. The CEN posts brief biographies of the candidates on a A4 sheet of paper in neighborhoods. Personal campaigning is illegal by law. Candidates are nominated similarly in District and Communal Assemblies. Candidates may hold meetings with voters to discuss local issues and solutions.
Technically, every registered mass organisation can nominate candidates, but it is always de facto the BPF/FPB, that nominates candidates, either through organisations or the vanguard party (PTB). This is because all organisations and 98% of the population is affiliated with the BPF in some way, thus very few candidates are non-BPF at the end.

The CEN releases a Model Code of Conduct (MCC) before all public votes, which is essentially a rulebook making voters aware of polling place etiquette. Early voting starts 1 week before the main election day, and continues for 5 days. Voters are required to show their voter card at the polling station. The poll worker verifies it with the local voter roll and then gives a stamped ballot. Voters, after marking the ballot, have to fold it in half to maintain secrecy and then put it into the box. After voting has commenced, counting team arrives and takes all ballots out of the box and the results are announced quickly after counting. Counting process can be viewed by anyone.
Voters have to cast a blank ballot in order to vote FOR the candidate or cross the name off to vote AGAINST in single-candidate elections.