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The King of the Swiss
— Alexandre Dumas, nineteenth-century French author
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- I swear by Almighty God to uphold the Constitution and the law and to fulfil the duties of my throne to the best of my abilities.
I solemnly promise to uphold the Constitution and the law and to fulfil the duties of my throne to the best of my abilities.
— King Alexander III(2012 - Current)
Reign | 20 January 2012 – Present |
Enthronement | 20 January 2012 |
Predecessor | King Alexander II (1999-2012) |
Heir Presumptive | Crown Prince William Knecht Alexander |
Chancellor | Alain Berset (2017-2021) |
Style | His Royal Majesty, His Majesty, Schweizer Reichsherrscher. |
Heir Presumptive | Crown Prince William Knecht Alexander |
First Monarch | William II |
Formation | 1 August 1291 |
Official Residence | Bern Federal Palace, Ticino Royal Palace, Jegenstorf Castle |
The King of Switzerland was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the United Cantons of Switzerland. The use of the term Herrscher des Schweizer Reichsherrscher (Swiss Realm ruler) for the King is common, but is considered obsolete by some people. But the Term is still used today officially anyway.
The monarch and their immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties. As the monarchy is constitutional the monarch is limited to functions such as bestowing honours and appointing the prime minister, which are performed in a non-partisan manner. The monarch is also Head of the Swiss Defence Forces. Though the ultimate executive authority over the government is still formally by and through the monarch's royal prerogative, these powers may only be used according to laws enacted in Parliament and, in practice, within the constraints of convention and precedent.
In the uncodified Constitution of the United Cantons, the monarch (otherwise referred to as the sovereign or "Reichsherrscher", abbreviated R.R.) is the head of state. The King's image is used to signify Swiss sovereignty and government authority—her profile, for instance, appearing on currency, and her portrait in government buildings. The sovereign is further both mentioned in and the subject of songs, loyal toasts, and salutes.
Before the time of Christ, a Celtic tribe known as the Helvetians inhabited the area now known as Switzerland. It was conquered by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar. It became a Roman Province known as Helvetia. After the fall of Rome Switzerland was inhabited by the Burgundians and another Germanic tribe known as Alemmannians. Then the Franks led by Charlemagne conquered all of modern day Switzerland. After the death of Charlamenge his empire broke in two, the western portion called France and the Eastern portion called the Holy Roman Empire. Switzerland was included in the latter. By the 1200's the Habsburg family controlled Austria and most of modern day Switzerland. Two cantons (states) of Switzerland feared Habsburg rule and formed an alliance against it. They invited another cantons to join their cause. Eventually they drove the Austrian Habsburgs out of modern Switzerland. There are many famous Swiss tales about this war on which includes a story about a group of peasents defeating an Austrian Army 10 times their own size. This alliance of cantons became known as Switzerland after the canton called Schwyz, soon reformed to the Kingdom of Switzerland and Later the United Cantons of Switzerland. Switzerland became a strong military power in the 1400's. The Swiss entered many wars and gained much land from them. In 1515, however, the Swiss were defeated by the French at the battle Maringo. The Swiss began to question their expansionistic policies and then adopted a policy of neutrality.
On 1 August 1291, the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden united to defend the peace upon the death of Emperor Rudolf I of Habsburg, forming the nucleus of the Kingdom of The Switzerland with the canton of Schwyz under command. This was Within the Holy Roman Empire, while fighting against the Austrians.
There had been ansesteral Connections at the Schwyz Family with the Nobels and Kings of the Kyburg Family (1180-1264) As a noble family of grafen (counts) in the Duchy of Swabia, cadet line of the counts of Dillingen, who in the late 12th and early 13th century ruled the County of Kyburg, corresponding to much of what is now Northeastern Switzerland.
Alexander was educated at the University of Zurich after Graduation from the Royal grade school made for the the nobels, and royal familes of Switzerland, located at Geneva, and another one in Bern.
The University of Zurich (UZH, German: Universität Zürich), located in the city of Zürich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with its 28,000 enrolled students. It was founded in 1833. from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine which go back to 1525, and a new faculty of philosophy. Currently, the university has seven faculties: Philosophy, Human Medicine, Economic Sciences, Law, Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Engineering, Computer Sciences and Robotics, Theology and Veterinary Medicine. The university offers the widest range of subjects and courses of any Swiss higher education institution. The university is scattered all over the city of Zürich.
Members of the university can use several libraries, including the ETH-library, and the Zurich Central Library, with over 5 million volumes. In 1962, the faculty of science proposed to establish the Irchelpark campus on the Strickhofareal. The first stage the construction of the university buildings was begun in 1973, and the campus was inaugurated in 1979.The construction of the second stage lasted from 1978 to 1983.
The Kingdom was officially defined as a Confederation of the member Cantons under presidency of the canton of Schwyz. The presidency of the Confederation (Bundespräsidium) was a hereditary office of the King of Schwyz. From 1 January 1871 onward, he was granted the additional title of Schweizer Reichsherrscher (Swiss Realm ruler). Thus, the Royal crown was tied to the office of the King of Schwyz.
Article 11 stated that the King had the power to declare war (and make peace), represent the Kingdom abroad, conclude treaties and alliances, and accredit and receive ambassadors. In the case of a non-defensive war being declared, consent of the National Council was required. Both chambers of parliament had to approve a treaty and also had to approve laws for it to be ratified.
- He had other powers too:
1. To convene the National Council and the Grand Diet (Article 12)
2. The convocation of the National Council was required to take place as soon as demanded by one-third of its members (Article 14).
3. To execute and publish Federal laws (Article 17).
4. To appoint and dismiss Federal officials (Article 18).
5. Supreme Court can call King's Exuctive Order of any kind unconstitutional and can hold a paramental vote to veto it. (Article 19).
The day after a general election the King invites the leader of the party that won the most seats in the House of Commons to become Prime Minister and to form a government.
Is the President of the Grand Diet, the Grand Diet's powers are able to amend bills. Also veto a Bill if passed by the lower house, if there is a majority vote.
The King is able to dispose the current chancellor but with reason towards the Grand Diet.
The King may resighn whenever he wants, he can also appoint any crown prince within the royal family, but with a parliament vote majority from both upper and lower houses.
The Monarchal way of passing one king to another is in the hereditary system, it is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family. A series of rulers from the same family would constitute a dynasty.
The king is more a head of state than a purely ceremonial leader. The constitution allocates the rest of the government's power to the parliament.
Regal Name | Birth | Reign | Death | Spouse | Successor | House |
King William II | April 7 1680 | August 25 1738 – August 18 1746 | August 18 1746 | Meghan Wildrage | King David I | Royal house of Switzerland |
King David I | August 10 1691 | August 18 1746 – 17 January 1765 | 17 January 1765 | Milla Nüssli | King David II | Royal house of Switzerland |
King David II | December 5 1703 | 17 January 1765 – 17 January 1791 | 17 January 1796 | Vreni Anderegg | Queen Maddison I | Royal house of Switzerland |
Queen Maddison I | July 13 1750 | 17 January 1791 – 25 May 1832 | 25 May 1832 | Luis Naegele | King Wolfe I | Royal house of Switzerland |
King Wolfe I | July 6 1801 | 25 May 1832 – 10 June 1923 | 11 June 1923 | Wilma Rösch | King Alexander I | Royal house of Switzerland |
King Alexander I | January 15 1865 | 10 June 1923 – 22 August 1950 | 22 August 1950 | Fiona Birchmeier | King William III | Royal house of Switzerland |
King William III | October 12 1931 | 22 August 1950 – 22 November 1999 | ... | Bella Kofel | King Alexander II | Royal house of Switzerland |
King Alexander II | October 12 1935 | 22 November 1999 – 20 January 2012 | ... | Una Herzog | King Alexander III | Royal house of Switzerland |
King Alexander III | March 19, 1960 | 20 January 2012 – Present | ... | Amélie Kellersberger | Crown Prince William Knecht Alexander | Royal house of Switzerland |
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